More importantly, the acceleration of Chinese immigration from the late 19th century had produced a situation in which by 1930 a majority if the Indonesian Chinese were either first or second generation immigrants. Moreover, the very scale of this immigration during this period, coupled with several other new developments in the early 20th century, was inhibiting the further acculturation of the Chinese. In particular, the population of women among the new immigrants was rising, so that there were now many families in which both parents were fostered amongst the immigrants and their children through the establishment of Chinese-language schools and a Chinese-language press. Thus at the very time when national consciousness was emerging amongst the Indonesian population, the Chinese minority was becoming more aware and proud of its Chineseness. This process made some headway even amongst the peranakan Chinese, some of whom sent their children to Chinese-language schools and became vociferous exponents of Chinese nationalism. In the early 20th century, therefore, the Chinese population was becoming increasingly 'Chinese' and, in the eyes of the Indonesians, 'alien', despite the considerable acculturation which had occurred earlier.
It has often been remarked that one aspect of indigenous culture to which the Chinese for the most part have remained impervious throughout their history of settlement in Indonesia has been the Muslim religion. Though not, of course, indigenous to Indonesia, Islam has been adopted as the religion of an overwhelming majority of the Indonesian population. Nevertheless, although so large a proportion of the Chinese have acculturated extensively in other ways, very few in modern times at least have been Muslims. Various reasons have been suggested for their reluctance to embrace Islam. For example, conversation to Islam is said to demand certain physical sacrifices form a Chinese settler, such as circumcision and abstinence from eating pork (a favorite Chinese dish). Furthermore the relative intolerance and exclusiveness of Islam (as compared with the tolerance and permissiveness of Theravada Buddhism in Thailand) have been said to be a barrier to the conversion of the Chinese, whose religious temperament is said to be 'eclectic and synergetic rather than exclusivist'. On the other hand, it is said that in Java the Chinese had no need to convert to Islam because of the presence of a large only nominally Muslim group amongst the Javanese (the abangan) from which they could wives whose religious demands were minimal. Finally, it is suggested that because the stricter Muslims (santri) included most of their Javanese trading competitors, who were of relatively low social status, whereas the abangan group included the traditional Javanese elite, the Chinese therefore regarded the Muslim religion as culturally inferior.
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もっと重大に、19 世紀後半からの中国の移住の加速生産していた 1930 年で状況大半インドネシア中国はどちらか最初または第 2 世代の移民だった場合。また、この 20 世紀初頭の他のいくつかの新しい開発と相まってこの期間の間に移民の非常にスケールだった中国のそれ以上の文化変容を阻害します。具体的には、新しい移民の間で女性の人口は、移民と中国語学校中国語プレスの確立を通して子供たちの間で両方の親れてきた多くの家族が今、上昇しました。従って同時に非常にインドネシアの人口の中で国民の意識を浮上していた、中国の少数民族になっていた詳細を認識しその Chineseness の誇りに思っています。このプロセスいくつかの前進、ペラナカンの中でも中国や一部の人の中国語学校に彼らの子供を送信、中国の愛国心の声高に叫ばれる指数となった。20 世紀初頭のしたがって、中国の人口はますます 'Chinese' になっていると、'外国人' インドネシア人の目にかなりの文化変容にもかかわらずが既に発生していた。It has often been remarked that one aspect of indigenous culture to which the Chinese for the most part have remained impervious throughout their history of settlement in Indonesia has been the Muslim religion. Though not, of course, indigenous to Indonesia, Islam has been adopted as the religion of an overwhelming majority of the Indonesian population. Nevertheless, although so large a proportion of the Chinese have acculturated extensively in other ways, very few in modern times at least have been Muslims. Various reasons have been suggested for their reluctance to embrace Islam. For example, conversation to Islam is said to demand certain physical sacrifices form a Chinese settler, such as circumcision and abstinence from eating pork (a favorite Chinese dish). Furthermore the relative intolerance and exclusiveness of Islam (as compared with the tolerance and permissiveness of Theravada Buddhism in Thailand) have been said to be a barrier to the conversion of the Chinese, whose religious temperament is said to be 'eclectic and synergetic rather than exclusivist'. On the other hand, it is said that in Java the Chinese had no need to convert to Islam because of the presence of a large only nominally Muslim group amongst the Javanese (the abangan) from which they could wives whose religious demands were minimal. Finally, it is suggested that because the stricter Muslims (santri) included most of their Javanese trading competitors, who were of relatively low social status, whereas the abangan group included the traditional Javanese elite, the Chinese therefore regarded the Muslim religion as culturally inferior.
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